Journal Entry #10

1.Rhetoric and Composition:Which methods are the best for composing planning guides for final compositions?

2.English Education: Using modern day music lyrics to decipher common morals

3.Cultral Studies: Comparing cultural studies of different countries

4. Discourse Analysis: making databases less technical more relatable to common people.

Topics for Research
1. Using dark humor to invoke guilt on moral issues
2. the role microsoft word plays on the effectiveness of the editing process
3. the role occupational status plays on political issues
4. if the use of survyes is the most accurate way of relaying information for the public
5. the differences the sexes show in the creative writing process

Journal Entry #9

1. What is the writer trying to find out more about through their research (what research question guides her work)?
The writer is tryig to identify how the students negotiate various genres with which they come in contact. the study examines how students' constructs of "self" are reflected in school genres and how their backgrounds, specific academic disciplines, and institutional goals affect those
constructs.

2. How does this author collect the data she needs to answer her question?
To properly answer these questions the examiner does a close analysis of a small, religious-affiliated, liberal arts college. She focused on the resistance, contradictions, and conflicts in writing to reveal the ways that motivation and individual identity can shape the writing that participants do.In this case there were three case studies that were highlighted, Amy, Patrick, and Layla.

3. What sort of genres do you see your peers using as forms of “self-representation”?
Foe self-representation a lot of the time my peers use clothing and music to construct their sense of self to those around them.

Journal Entry #8

1.In this article the writers are trying to identify the authenticity of the bands and how they define themselves as authentic.
2. The author uses books and an online source to quote from in order to help build his argument,in these sources he describes a certain rocker who chooses to display his authenticity by self mutilation, and also he lists some of the attributes that contribute to being authentic.
3. There is one particular way I have seen someone around me being authentic that sticks to mind, one of my class mates in school was known for her stylish out fits and such, one day I saw her wearing a vest that I always admired so I asked her where did she get it. To my surprise she said Goodwill. It did not matter to her where her clothes were from and it striked me as something authentic because she took pride in finding others junk as her treasure.

Journal Entry #7

1. What the writer of the discourse analysis article is trying to find out more about, through research, is identifying the specific approach used by professional editors to enable researchers to better grasp the revision process.

2. The research methodology of this article is collecting different professional editors and observing their tactics during their revision processes.

3. Professional editing differs from how students revise their own work because professional editing is a process unto itself that occurs independently of writing, whereas self-revision is one of the three subprocesses of writing, the other two being planning and drafting. Also other major differences worth noting is that a professional editor performs his/her work on a text devised by another person, the second main difference consists in the fact that a professional editor
is given a mandate to revise by a client.

Journal Entry #6

1. When Bitzer speaks of rhetorical situations, he does not mean that it is an issue of getting an audience to understand a speech,or that rhetoric occurs in a setting which involves interaction of the speaker, audience, subject, or communicative purpose. Blitzer aslo feels that rhetorical situations are meant to be persuasive or that it should be embedded in historic context.
2. Bitzer believes that rhetorical situations are not an idle one, and that it is a discourse that comes into existence as a response to a situation, it also must exist as a necessary condition for rhetorical discourse. It is also defined as a complex of persons, events, objects, and relations presenting an actual or potential exigence which can be completely or partially removed if discourse, introduced into the situation, can so constrain human decision or action as to bring
about the significant modification of the exigence.
3. Exigence is "imperfection marked by urgency", one example is could be a school air conditioning system out of order an needing to be fixed.

Journal Entry #5

In discussions about the problems of academic specialization, one controversial issue has been that the shift from preindustrial to industrial economies, and the specialization that came with industrialization, created a parallel shift in academic culture.Specialization has also created many interrelated problems with English studies which include the structuring of the English studies curriculum, the narrow and insular scholarship produced within the confines of our mutually exclusive disciplines, and the devaluation of lower-division courses and the privileging of upper-division ones. In respects to the "coverage model", where students who are fully educated, have the ability to demonstrate familiarity with the whole spectrum of literature, Jackson W. Bates writer of "The Crisis in English Studies" debates that in literature the professor should confine his/her area to one author, a group of authors, or one aspect of genre. Also you ask only certain types of questions that will not focus on the difficulties and uncertainties of the subject. On the other hand David Easton of "The Division, Integration, and Transfer of Knowledge", contends "there is little space for the generalist", and shifting periods or genres means more than shifting objects of study. My own view is that I agree with both views on this issue and creating a median between these two ideas can benefit the students knowledge in English studies in the long run.

Journal Entry #3

1. When Bartholomae says that students should "invent the University" he means that the student should properly research what he/she will write about and become an expert in the particular subject.

2. To become "insiders" within the academic discourse Bartholomae suggests that students can locate themselves, aggresively and self-consciously in a particular subject. This way the student can become original and act as "colleagues in the academic enterprise"

3. In some of the examples that Bartholomae critics in the creative writing excerpts, he concludes that the first is obvious in the fact the writer stated his idea as original and unique, and the writer failed to maintain his sense of self throughout the composition properly. In the second excerpt, which is the better of the two according to Bartholomae, this author uses her own experiences with creativity throughout the entire composition from beginning to end, unlike the first author, and connected her final thoughts on creativity with the previous experience from before.