Journal Entry #7

1. What the writer of the discourse analysis article is trying to find out more about, through research, is identifying the specific approach used by professional editors to enable researchers to better grasp the revision process.

2. The research methodology of this article is collecting different professional editors and observing their tactics during their revision processes.

3. Professional editing differs from how students revise their own work because professional editing is a process unto itself that occurs independently of writing, whereas self-revision is one of the three subprocesses of writing, the other two being planning and drafting. Also other major differences worth noting is that a professional editor performs his/her work on a text devised by another person, the second main difference consists in the fact that a professional editor
is given a mandate to revise by a client.

Journal Entry #6

1. When Bitzer speaks of rhetorical situations, he does not mean that it is an issue of getting an audience to understand a speech,or that rhetoric occurs in a setting which involves interaction of the speaker, audience, subject, or communicative purpose. Blitzer aslo feels that rhetorical situations are meant to be persuasive or that it should be embedded in historic context.
2. Bitzer believes that rhetorical situations are not an idle one, and that it is a discourse that comes into existence as a response to a situation, it also must exist as a necessary condition for rhetorical discourse. It is also defined as a complex of persons, events, objects, and relations presenting an actual or potential exigence which can be completely or partially removed if discourse, introduced into the situation, can so constrain human decision or action as to bring
about the significant modification of the exigence.
3. Exigence is "imperfection marked by urgency", one example is could be a school air conditioning system out of order an needing to be fixed.

Journal Entry #5

In discussions about the problems of academic specialization, one controversial issue has been that the shift from preindustrial to industrial economies, and the specialization that came with industrialization, created a parallel shift in academic culture.Specialization has also created many interrelated problems with English studies which include the structuring of the English studies curriculum, the narrow and insular scholarship produced within the confines of our mutually exclusive disciplines, and the devaluation of lower-division courses and the privileging of upper-division ones. In respects to the "coverage model", where students who are fully educated, have the ability to demonstrate familiarity with the whole spectrum of literature, Jackson W. Bates writer of "The Crisis in English Studies" debates that in literature the professor should confine his/her area to one author, a group of authors, or one aspect of genre. Also you ask only certain types of questions that will not focus on the difficulties and uncertainties of the subject. On the other hand David Easton of "The Division, Integration, and Transfer of Knowledge", contends "there is little space for the generalist", and shifting periods or genres means more than shifting objects of study. My own view is that I agree with both views on this issue and creating a median between these two ideas can benefit the students knowledge in English studies in the long run.

Journal Entry #3

1. When Bartholomae says that students should "invent the University" he means that the student should properly research what he/she will write about and become an expert in the particular subject.

2. To become "insiders" within the academic discourse Bartholomae suggests that students can locate themselves, aggresively and self-consciously in a particular subject. This way the student can become original and act as "colleagues in the academic enterprise"

3. In some of the examples that Bartholomae critics in the creative writing excerpts, he concludes that the first is obvious in the fact the writer stated his idea as original and unique, and the writer failed to maintain his sense of self throughout the composition properly. In the second excerpt, which is the better of the two according to Bartholomae, this author uses her own experiences with creativity throughout the entire composition from beginning to end, unlike the first author, and connected her final thoughts on creativity with the previous experience from before.

Workshop 1 - expertise and interests

Expertise in:

-Seven-Day Adventist Religion
-Math
-Reading
-Haiti, haitian music
-expensive shopping malls
-psychology
-people skillls

Interested in:
-law
-math
-piano
-african history, art, music, language, culture
-human behavior
-animals
-money

Journal Entry #2

The editorial peice by Susan Cheever recalls on how attending a bar or an AA meeting can have the same after affects as attending a church service.

Claim
- Church services, and bar and AA atendances can help all acheive some
type of inner transcendence and closer relationship to the divine.

Data
- Personal experiences with all three social gatherings and similar observations made by others knowlegable in each activity.
Grounds
-many people can relate with attending a bar or church service and some claim that the cure for drinking comes down to a spiritual awakening.

Warrant
- It is a common beleif that most humans seek to acheive "peace beyond all understanding" as stated in the article.
Backing
-We drink alcohol, attend church, or share our troubles with others to help release ourselves from the stresses of everyday upsets.

Qualifiers
- Only in the case of spiritual people, probably for only those who believe in the divine.


Conditions for Rebuttal
- This claim can be considered valid unless someone did not want to reach internal peace.

Journal Entry #1

The claim being made in this particular editorial from the New York Times is that the same peace and spiritual satisfaction that one would find in a church service is similar to what others find in a bar or an Alcoholics Anonymous meeting. Whether its confessing your sins to the preist, or pouring out a days' upsets to the bartender, receiving a blessing or taking a shot of rum and coke possesses the same sort of after affects that allow us transcendence and complete euphoria beyond all understanding.Attending an AA meeting can also allow people personal serenity because it gives them the opportunity to talk about their troubles and begins their process of healing. This claim written by Susan Cheever is defenitley a claim of value because there is no real facts that proves that church services and bar attendances produce the same effects for everyone and it is not a claim of policy because Cheever does not propose for us to attend one (either a bar or church) and disregard the other. Wording proves that Cheever chose to propose her claim through an emotional appeal (ethos) in the beginning of her composition and switched to character later on through discussing her personal experiences with church services, bars, and AA meetings.
http://proof.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/08/bar-and-peace/?ref=opinion